Home Blog Page 8

SDCC @ Home with The Legal Geeks and The Mandalorian

0

Nari Ely and I had the privilege of moderating our virtual San Diego Comic Con panel “This is the Law: Judges on the Mandalorian.” The panel went live on July 24, 2021 at 400 pm PDT. Our panel of Judges included Comic Con veterans Circuit Judge John B. Owens, US Magistrate Judge Stacie Beckerman, and New York State Judge Matthew Sciarrino.

Here is a full description of our panel:

Bounty hunting is a complicated profession. That is why lawyers geeked out over all of the legal issues in The Mandalorian. Can bounty hunters use lethal force? Is it murder to shoot a Droid or destruction of property? Are former Imperials all war criminals? Find the legal answers to these questions and more in This is the Law, featuring Circuit Judge John B. Owens (Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals); U.S. Magistrate Judge Stacie Beckerman; Judge Matthew Sciarrino (New York State Supreme Court, Criminal Term Brooklyn), and moderated by Nari Ely (US Courts) and Joshua Gilliland (Greenan, Peffer, Sallander & Lally LLP). Presented by The Legal Geeks: https://linktr.ee/thelegalgeeks

I have spoken.

Loki Podcast Episode Review

0

Gabby Martin and I have been having a blast reviewing Loki on Disney+. The show is arguably the most glorious comic story brought to any screen. Check out our legal analysis (and geeking out) on our review of The Variant, Lamentis, and The Nexus Event.

Let’s Add D.B. Cooper’s Crimes to Loki’s Charges

0

Loki has not made the best life choices in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. From embittered younger brother who attempted to overthrow his father, to attempted murder of Thor multiple times, to getting mixed up with Thanos and a failed invasion of Earth, there are many crimes for Loki to be charged and prosecuted for violating. Like personally killed 50 people. Or ripping out a man’s eye. A War of Aggression. And now in the Loki series, we learned there was air piracy.

In the real world, the case of D.B. Cooper happened on November 24, 1971, when a 727-100 was hijacked. The hijacker claimed to have a bomb, demanded $200,000, and four parachutes. After getting his demands he parachuted out of the plane and into pop culture and unsolved mysteries.

The Loki series offered that “D.B. Cooper” was actually Loki who lost a bet with Thor.

There are so many problems with that.

First, hijacking a plane is aircraft piracy. 49 U.S.C. § 46502(A) defines the crime as seizing or exercising control over an aircraft by “force, violence, threat of force or violence, or any form of intimidation, and with wrongful intent.” The punishment is a minimum 20 years and if anyone is killed in the crime, either put to death or imprisoned for life.

A 20-year minimum is a blink of an eye to an Asgardian (or Frost Giant), but sentencing could be modified to account for their long lives.

There is another haunting issue with Loki hijacking a plane…and that it was because he lost a bet to Thor. This raises the issue of a conspiracy to hijack an aircraft, which means Thor and Heimdall could also be prosecuted for the air piracy and Loki taking an explosive device onboard a plane. 49 U.S.C. § 46505.

The lessons from all of this? Make Good life choices. Like don’t hijack airplanes on a bet or invade New York.

Did Loki get a Fair Trial from the TVA?

0

The Time Variance Authority put Loki on trial with the punishment tantamount to a death sentence that looked like traffic court. The entire proceeding raised the issue of what is a “fair” trial? While there is the legal maxim that a defendant is “entitled to a fair trial but not a perfect one,” an administrative proceeding without attorneys pushes that precedent to absurdity. State v. J.A.W., No. A-5255-17T4, at *24 (N.J. Super. Nov. 12, 2020).

There are multiple troubling issues with the lack of fairness in Loki’s trial. The first is there was no pretense of an attorney to assist in Loki’s defense. Federal Courts first gave this right to those accused of crimes in Federal cases, which was expanded to the States in Gideon v. Wainwright. The Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment and the Sixth Amendment require criminal defendants to have effective counsel. Loki had nothing but a ticket to nonexistence.

Courts have quoted the axiom “It is beyond cavil that a fair trial may be obtained without a jury.” Com. v. Wharton, 495 Pa. 581, 599-600 (Pa. 1981). This is born from the fact a fair trial requires an impartial and properly instructed jury. Rivera v. Illinois, 556 U.S. 148 (2009). While there can be an exception in a case with substantial publicity, Loki was not on trial in New York City for his war of aggression against the Earth; he was on trial for violating the “sacred timeline.” This sounds more like a trial in the Star Chamber than any trial concerned with fundamental fairness.

Verdict: the TVA has unjust trials lacking fairness.

Loki Glorious Purpose Podcast

0

The God of Mischief has his own new Disney+ series and we covered the multiverse of legal issue in “Glorious Purpose.” From 1970s decor to fair trials, and the MANY crimes of Loki, we had a great time discussing Loki.

 

Export Control Licensing of MechaGodzilla

0

In Godzilla vs Kong, the real monster is a Florida billionaire who decided to build a giant robot and ship the components to Hong Kong through a hyperloop connecting the two cities. Shipping weapons to the People’s Republic of China raises significant red flags, including violating export control licensing. That is the polite way of saying the United States does not want private companies accidently improving the military of countries hostile to the United States. One such example was Loral Space Systems accidently improving the accuracy of China’s ICBMs in the 1990s by providing improvements to guidance systems for launching satellites.

Responsibilities of the President of the United States include:

(1) In furtherance of world peace and the security and foreign policy of the United States, the President is authorized to control the import and the export of defense articles and defense services and to provide foreign policy guidance to persons of the United States involved in the export and import of such articles and services. The President is authorized to designate those items which shall be considered as defense articles and defense services for the purposes of this section and to promulgate regulations for the import and export of such articles and services. The items so designated shall constitute the United States Munitions List.

(2) Decisions on issuing export licenses under this section shall take into account whether the export of an article would contribute to an arms race, aid in the development of weapons of mass destruction, support international terrorism, increase the possibility of outbreak or escalation of conflict, or prejudice the development of bilateral or multilateral arms control or nonproliferation agreements or other arrangements.

(3) In exercising the authorities conferred by this section, the President may require that any defense article or defense service be sold under this chapter as a condition of its eligibility for export, and may require that persons engaged in the negotiation for the export of defense articles and services keep the President fully and currently informed of the progress and future prospects of such negotiations.

22 U.S.C. § 2778(A)(1) and (2).

A giant robot in the shape of Godzilla with missiles and lasers absolutely would be covered under the control of arms exports and imports. Shipping the material in secret from Florida to China through a hyperloop over 8,500 miles long clearly was done to avoid inspection and all those “pesky” regulations. Moreover, the transcontinental hyperloop raises serious issues of not filing permits for soil removal, which can cause property damage across the United States. Furthermore, an accident with those weapons in transit can further pose a risk to human life.

Export control licensing exists to protect the United States from an arms race and keep nations hostile from improving their military. In Godzilla vs Kong, Apex ignored these laws. After the final battle between the titans, removing the wreckage would be highly problematic, as the People’s Republic of China would claim jurisdiction for remediating MechaGodzilla, raising the exact threat export control licensing is supposed to prevent.

Analysis of The Patch Act on The Falcon and the Winter Soldier

0

Forcibly removing people from their homes never ends well. The Falcon and the Winter Soldier episode 5, “Truth,” had the “Global Repatriation Council” debate the “Patch Act,” which would return people back to their countries of origin in order to reestablish borders. There is a lot wrong with it, from both a storytelling perspective and legally.

The premise of the fictional Global Repatriation Council is to help those who had “vanished” after Thanos’s Snap to return to their lives. Spider-Man Far from Home referenced this challenge, where Aunt May reappeared in her apartment to find a new family living there and five years had passed. Being the super aunt she is, May organized a fundraiser with the friendly neighborhood Spider-Man to help those who had returned.

Falcon and the Winter Soldier have turned this societal challenge on its head, with those who survived the Snap being forced out of their homes to make way for the returned. Legally that makes zero sense. It means probate laws were ignored for five years. It is one thing for those who “returned” to be in camps in order to rebuild their lives, it is another to toss people on the street who lived someplace for years.

The Global Repatriation Council appears similar to the United Nations, expect it exists for the specific purpose of helping people reset, restore, and rebuild. Such an international organization would require a charter and exist by treaty.

A US Senator represented the United States at the GRC meeting. That’s just wrong. No Senators go to the United Nations to represent the country; that is the job of an ambassador, appointed by the President, and confirmed by the Senate. Moreover, a Senator bragging about the ability to send US Troops to remove human beings from cities is horrific on multiple levels, starting with the fact the PRESIDENT is the Commander in Chief of the military. No Senator can do a damn thing to issue an order to the military, short of a subpoena to appear at a committee hearing. Senators do not deploy troops.

The GRC debating the Patch Act is further problematic, because a vote by an international organization does not automatically become a law. Flashing back to School House Rock, any treaty voted on by the GRC would still need to be ratified by the US Senate. Even then, there likely would need to be enabling legislation to enforce the treaty.

This should go without saying, but the United States cannot enact a treaty that would violate the Constitution. For example, say the UN voted on a treaty to strip voting rights of all women. It is gender-based discrimination that violates the 19th Amendment to the Constitution. That would not fly.

The Patch Act was described as the military removing people from different countries and returning them to their country of origin. This is the stuff of fascism, with the military removing people from a country without due process of law. While immigration is exclusively Federal jurisdiction, anyone in the United States is protected by the Constitution and cannot be denied Due Process of law. Soldiers removing people from their homes and placing them in trains, planes, or trucks, lacks any form of Due Process. It also raises the issue of the military being used for law enforcement, which is prohibited under the law.

The United States Congress needs to be alerted within 48 hours of US troops being placed in harm’s way. The army sent out to different countries to remove human beings and ship them to other countries reeks of the Indian Removal Act. No member of Congress should think, “YES, this is what our military is meant to do” and sign a check for a new trail of tears.

As stated before, none of this makes sense from a storytelling perspective. The world went on living as best it could after 50% of humanity disappeared. The very idea that the “vanished” have displaced survivors is opposite of the truth.